/*
 * Hunt - A refined core library for D programming language.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2018-2019 HuntLabs
 *
 * Website: https://www.huntlabs.net/
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache-2.0 License.
 *
 */

module hunt.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;

import hunt.io.Common;
import hunt.Exceptions;

import std.algorithm;
import std.conv;
import std.format;

/**
 * This class implements an output stream in which the data is
 * written into a byte array. The buffer automatically grows as data
 * is written to it.
 * The data can be retrieved using <code>toByteArray()</code> and
 * <code>toString()</code>.
 * <p>
 * Closing a <tt>ByteArrayOutputStream</tt> has no effect. The methods in
 * this class can be called after the stream has been closed without
 * generating an <tt>IOException</tt>.
 */

class ByteArrayOutputStream : OutputStream {

    /**
     * The buffer where data is stored.
     */
    protected byte[] buf;

    /**
     * The number of valid bytes in the buffer.
     */
    protected int count;

    /**
     * Creates a new byte array output stream. The buffer capacity is
     * initially 32 bytes, though its size increases if necessary.
     */
    this() {
        this(32);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new byte array output stream, with a buffer capacity of
     * the specified size, in bytes.
     *
     * @param   size   the initial size.
     * @exception  IllegalArgumentException if size is negative.
     */
    this(size_t size) {
        buf = new byte[size];
    }

    /**
     * Increases the capacity if necessary to ensure that it can hold
     * at least the number of elements specified by the minimum
     * capacity argument.
     *
     * @param minCapacity the desired minimum capacity
     * @throws OutOfMemoryError if {@code minCapacity < 0}.  This is
     * interpreted as a request for the unsatisfiably large capacity
     * {@code (long) Integer.MAX_VALUE + (minCapacity - Integer.MAX_VALUE)}.
     */
    private void ensureCapacity(size_t minCapacity) {
        // overflow-conscious code
        if (minCapacity > buf.length)
            grow(minCapacity);
    }

    /**
     * The maximum size of array to allocate.
     * Some VMs reserve some header words in an array.
     * Attempts to allocate larger arrays may result in
     * OutOfMemoryError: Requested array size exceeds VM limit
     */
    private enum int MAX_ARRAY_SIZE = int.max - 8;

    /**
     * Increases the capacity to ensure that it can hold at least the
     * number of elements specified by the minimum capacity argument.
     *
     * @param minCapacity the desired minimum capacity
     */
    private void grow(size_t minCapacity) {
        // overflow-conscious code
        size_t oldCapacity = buf.length;
        size_t newCapacity = oldCapacity << 1;
        if (newCapacity < minCapacity)
            newCapacity = minCapacity;
        if (newCapacity > MAX_ARRAY_SIZE)
            newCapacity = hugeCapacity(minCapacity);
        byte[] newBuf = new byte[newCapacity];
        newBuf[0..count] = buf[0 .. count];
        buf = newBuf;
    }

    private static size_t hugeCapacity(size_t minCapacity) {
        // if (minCapacity < 0) // overflow
        //     throw new OutOfMemoryError();
        return (minCapacity > MAX_ARRAY_SIZE) ?
            size_t.max :
            MAX_ARRAY_SIZE;
    }

    alias write = OutputStream.write;

    /**
     * Writes the specified byte to this byte array output stream.
     *
     * @param   b   the byte to be written.
     */
    override void write(int b) {
        ensureCapacity(count + 1);
        buf[count] = cast(byte) b;
        count += 1;
    }

    /**
     * Writes <code>len</code> bytes from the specified byte array
     * starting at offset <code>off</code> to this byte array output stream.
     *
     * @param   b     the data.
     * @param   off   the start offset in the data.
     * @param   len   the number of bytes to write.
     */
    override void write(byte[] b, int off, int len) {
        if ((off < 0) || (off > b.length) || (len < 0) ||
            ((off + len) > b.length)) {
                string msg = format("buffer error, size: %d, offset: %d, length: %d",
                    b.length, off, len);
            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(msg);
        }
        ensureCapacity(count + len);
        buf[count .. count+len] = b[off .. off + len];
        count += len;
    }

    /**
     * Writes the complete contents of this byte array output stream to
     * the specified output stream argument, as if by calling the output
     * stream's write method using <code>out.write(buf, 0, count)</code>.
     *
     * @param      out   the output stream to which to write the data.
     * @exception  IOException  if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeTo(OutputStream o) {
        o.write(buf, 0, count);
    }

    /**
     * Resets the <code>count</code> field of this byte array output
     * stream to zero, so that all currently accumulated output in the
     * output stream is discarded. The output stream can be used again,
     * reusing the already allocated buffer space.
     *
     * @see     hunt.io.ByteArrayInputStream#count
     */
    void reset() {
        count = 0;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a newly allocated byte array. Its size is the current
     * size of this output stream and the valid contents of the buffer
     * have been copied into it.
     *
     * @return  the current contents of this output stream, as a byte array.
     * @see     hunt.io.ByteArrayOutputStream#size()
     */
    byte[] toByteArray() {
        // FIXME: Needing refactor or cleanup -@zxp at 7/25/2018, 10:02:15 AM
        // 
        return buf[0 .. count]; // .dup; // Arrays.copyOf(buf, count);
    }

    byte[] getBuffer() {
		return buf;
	}

    /**
     * Returns the current size of the buffer.
     *
     * @return  the value of the <code>count</code> field, which is the number
     *          of valid bytes in this output stream.
     * @see     hunt.io.ByteArrayOutputStream#count
     */
    int size() {
        return count;
    }

    /**
     * Converts the buffer's contents into a string decoding bytes using the
     * platform's default character set. The length of the new <tt>string</tt>
     * is a function of the character set, and hence may not be equal to the
     * size of the buffer.
     *
     * <p> This method always replaces malformed-input and unmappable-character
     * sequences with the default replacement string for the platform's
     * default character set. The {@linkplain java.nio.charset.CharsetDecoder}
     * class should be used when more control over the decoding process is
     * required.
     *
     * @return string decoded from the buffer's contents.
     * @since  JDK1.1
     */
    override string toString() {
        return cast(string)(buf[0 .. count]);
    }

    /**
     * Converts the buffer's contents into a string by decoding the bytes using
     * the named {@link java.nio.charset.Charset charset}. The length of the new
     * <tt>string</tt> is a function of the charset, and hence may not be equal
     * to the length of the byte array.
     *
     * <p> This method always replaces malformed-input and unmappable-character
     * sequences with this charset's default replacement string. The {@link
     * java.nio.charset.CharsetDecoder} class should be used when more control
     * over the decoding process is required.
     *
     * @param      charsetName  the name of a supported
     *             {@link java.nio.charset.Charset charset}
     * @return     string decoded from the buffer's contents.
     * @exception  UnsupportedEncodingException
     *             If the named charset is not supported
     * @since      JDK1.1
     */
    string toString(string charsetName) {
        return cast(string)(buf[0..count]); // , charsetName);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a newly allocated string. Its size is the current size of
     * the output stream and the valid contents of the buffer have been
     * copied into it. Each character <i>c</i> in the resulting string is
     * constructed from the corresponding element <i>b</i> in the byte
     * array such that:
     * <blockquote><pre>
     *     c == (char)(((hibyte &amp; 0xff) &lt;&lt; 8) | (b &amp; 0xff))
     * </pre></blockquote>
     *
     * @deprecated This method does not properly convert bytes into characters.
     * As of JDK&nbsp;1.1, the preferred way to do this is via the
     * <code>toString(string enc)</code> method, which takes an encoding-name
     * argument, or the <code>toString()</code> method, which uses the
     * platform's default character encoding.
     *
     * @param      hibyte    the high byte of each resulting Unicode character.
     * @return     the current contents of the output stream, as a string.
     * @see        hunt.io.ByteArrayOutputStream#size()
     * @see        hunt.io.ByteArrayOutputStream#toString(string)
     * @see        hunt.io.ByteArrayOutputStream#toString()
     */
    // @Deprecated
    // string toString(int hibyte) {
    //     return new string(buf, hibyte, 0, count);
    // }

    /**
     * Closing a <tt>ByteArrayOutputStream</tt> has no effect. The methods in
     * this class can be called after the stream has been closed without
     * generating an <tt>IOException</tt>.
     */
    // void close() {
    // }

}